Supercritical CO2 Foaming of Thermoplastic Materials Derived from Maize: Proof-of-Concept Use in Mammalian Cell Culture Applications
Background Foams are high porosity and low density materials. In nature, they are a common architecture. Some of their relevant technological applications include heat and sound insulation, lightweight materials, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Foams derived from natural polymers are particularly...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2015
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| Online Access: | http://eprints.uanl.mx/14971/1/130.PDF |
| _version_ | 1824414207675727872 |
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| author | Zheng, Jie Trujillo de Santiago, Grissel Portales Cabrera, Cynthia Guadalupe Portillo Lara, Roberto Araiz Hernández, Diana Del Barone, Maria Cristina García López, Erika Rojas de Gante, Cecilia De Santiago Miramontes, María de los Angeles Segoviano Ramírez, Juan Carlos García Lara, Silverio Rodríguez González, Ciro Ángel Alvarez, Mario Moisés Di Maio, Ernesto Iannace, Salvatore |
| author_facet | Zheng, Jie Trujillo de Santiago, Grissel Portales Cabrera, Cynthia Guadalupe Portillo Lara, Roberto Araiz Hernández, Diana Del Barone, Maria Cristina García López, Erika Rojas de Gante, Cecilia De Santiago Miramontes, María de los Angeles Segoviano Ramírez, Juan Carlos García Lara, Silverio Rodríguez González, Ciro Ángel Alvarez, Mario Moisés Di Maio, Ernesto Iannace, Salvatore |
| author_sort | Zheng, Jie |
| collection | Repositorio Institucional |
| description | Background
Foams are high porosity and low density materials. In nature, they are a common architecture. Some of their relevant technological applications include heat and sound insulation, lightweight materials, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Foams derived from natural polymers are particularly attractive for tissue culture due to their biodegradability and bio-compatibility.
Here, the foaming potential of an extensive list of materials was assayed, including slabs elaborated from whole flour, the starch component only, or the protein fraction only of maize seeds.
Methodology/Principal Findings
We used supercritical CO2 to produce foams from thermoplasticized maize derived materials. Polyethylene-glycol, sorbitol/glycerol, or urea/formamide were used as plasticizers. We report expansion ratios, porosities, average pore sizes, pore morphologies, and pore size distributions for these materials. High porosity foams were obtained from zein thermoplasticized with polyethylene glycol, and from starch thermoplasticized with urea/formamide. Zein foams had a higher porosity than starch foams (88% and 85%, respectively) and a narrower and 2more evenly distributed pore size. Starch foams exhibited a wider span of pore sizes and a
larger average pore size than zein (208.84 vs. 55.43 μm2
, respectively). Proof-of-concept cell culture experiments confirmed that mouse fibroblasts (NIH 3T3) and two different prostate cancer cell lines (22RV1, DU145) attached to and proliferated on zein foams.
Conclusions/Significance We conducted screening and proof-of-concept experiments on the fabrication of foams
from cereal-based bioplastics. We propose that a key indicator of foamability is the strain at break of the materials to be foamed (as calculated from stress vs. strain rate curves). Zein foams exhibit attractive properties (average pore size, pore size distribution, and porosity) for cell culture applications; we were able to establish and sustain mammalian cell cultures on zein foams for extended time periods. |
| format | Article |
| id | eprints-14971 |
| institution | UANL |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science |
| record_format | eprints |
| spelling | eprints-149712021-05-10T15:28:47Z http://eprints.uanl.mx/14971/ Supercritical CO2 Foaming of Thermoplastic Materials Derived from Maize: Proof-of-Concept Use in Mammalian Cell Culture Applications Zheng, Jie Trujillo de Santiago, Grissel Portales Cabrera, Cynthia Guadalupe Portillo Lara, Roberto Araiz Hernández, Diana Del Barone, Maria Cristina García López, Erika Rojas de Gante, Cecilia De Santiago Miramontes, María de los Angeles Segoviano Ramírez, Juan Carlos García Lara, Silverio Rodríguez González, Ciro Ángel Alvarez, Mario Moisés Di Maio, Ernesto Iannace, Salvatore Background Foams are high porosity and low density materials. In nature, they are a common architecture. Some of their relevant technological applications include heat and sound insulation, lightweight materials, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Foams derived from natural polymers are particularly attractive for tissue culture due to their biodegradability and bio-compatibility. Here, the foaming potential of an extensive list of materials was assayed, including slabs elaborated from whole flour, the starch component only, or the protein fraction only of maize seeds. Methodology/Principal Findings We used supercritical CO2 to produce foams from thermoplasticized maize derived materials. Polyethylene-glycol, sorbitol/glycerol, or urea/formamide were used as plasticizers. We report expansion ratios, porosities, average pore sizes, pore morphologies, and pore size distributions for these materials. High porosity foams were obtained from zein thermoplasticized with polyethylene glycol, and from starch thermoplasticized with urea/formamide. Zein foams had a higher porosity than starch foams (88% and 85%, respectively) and a narrower and 2more evenly distributed pore size. Starch foams exhibited a wider span of pore sizes and a larger average pore size than zein (208.84 vs. 55.43 μm2 , respectively). Proof-of-concept cell culture experiments confirmed that mouse fibroblasts (NIH 3T3) and two different prostate cancer cell lines (22RV1, DU145) attached to and proliferated on zein foams. Conclusions/Significance We conducted screening and proof-of-concept experiments on the fabrication of foams from cereal-based bioplastics. We propose that a key indicator of foamability is the strain at break of the materials to be foamed (as calculated from stress vs. strain rate curves). Zein foams exhibit attractive properties (average pore size, pore size distribution, and porosity) for cell culture applications; we were able to establish and sustain mammalian cell cultures on zein foams for extended time periods. Public Library of Science 2015 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_nc_nd http://eprints.uanl.mx/14971/1/130.PDF http://eprints.uanl.mx/14971/1.haspreviewThumbnailVersion/130.PDF Zheng, Jie y Trujillo de Santiago, Grissel y Portales Cabrera, Cynthia Guadalupe y Portillo Lara, Roberto y Araiz Hernández, Diana y Del Barone, Maria Cristina y García López, Erika y Rojas de Gante, Cecilia y De Santiago Miramontes, María de los Angeles y Segoviano Ramírez, Juan Carlos y García Lara, Silverio y Rodríguez González, Ciro Ángel y Alvarez, Mario Moisés y Di Maio, Ernesto y Iannace, Salvatore (2015) Supercritical CO2 Foaming of Thermoplastic Materials Derived from Maize: Proof-of-Concept Use in Mammalian Cell Culture Applications. PloS one, 10 (4). e0122489. ISSN 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122489 |
| spellingShingle | Zheng, Jie Trujillo de Santiago, Grissel Portales Cabrera, Cynthia Guadalupe Portillo Lara, Roberto Araiz Hernández, Diana Del Barone, Maria Cristina García López, Erika Rojas de Gante, Cecilia De Santiago Miramontes, María de los Angeles Segoviano Ramírez, Juan Carlos García Lara, Silverio Rodríguez González, Ciro Ángel Alvarez, Mario Moisés Di Maio, Ernesto Iannace, Salvatore Supercritical CO2 Foaming of Thermoplastic Materials Derived from Maize: Proof-of-Concept Use in Mammalian Cell Culture Applications |
| thumbnail | https://rediab.uanl.mx/themes/sandal5/images/online.png |
| title | Supercritical CO2 Foaming of Thermoplastic Materials Derived from Maize: Proof-of-Concept Use in Mammalian Cell Culture Applications |
| title_full | Supercritical CO2 Foaming of Thermoplastic Materials Derived from Maize: Proof-of-Concept Use in Mammalian Cell Culture Applications |
| title_fullStr | Supercritical CO2 Foaming of Thermoplastic Materials Derived from Maize: Proof-of-Concept Use in Mammalian Cell Culture Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Supercritical CO2 Foaming of Thermoplastic Materials Derived from Maize: Proof-of-Concept Use in Mammalian Cell Culture Applications |
| title_short | Supercritical CO2 Foaming of Thermoplastic Materials Derived from Maize: Proof-of-Concept Use in Mammalian Cell Culture Applications |
| title_sort | supercritical co2 foaming of thermoplastic materials derived from maize proof of concept use in mammalian cell culture applications |
| url | http://eprints.uanl.mx/14971/1/130.PDF |
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